The origins of the Pure Spanish-Breed horse date back to the Tertiary Age, starting from which time the Iberian Peninsula had become a palaeo-ethnological melting pot, where equine species and breeds were transformed and created, a process fostered by the abundant herbaceous vegetation, still warm and wet, available at the time.

There are still discrepancies among the most renowned researchers, such as Koenigswald (1920), Frechkop (1964), Otto Abel (1928), Nobis (1974), R. Castejón (1952), Madariaga (1975), Skorlowski (1974), Adametz and Kronacher (1737), when it comes to sharing the ideas of the different palaeontologists with regard to origins and migrations, even though the majority is aware of the migration from America to Asia through what nowadays is Bering Strait, a resettlement which gave rise to a diffusion throughout Asia and Europe. There is no lack of disagreement either, when it comes to defining the different genera of the family Equidae. Having said that, there is unity of criteria concerning the belief that the origin of the Spanish horse, called “Andalusian horse” by the majority of the aforesaid authors, is the horse from North-western Siberia, a sub-species of the Equus Mosbachensis, ancestor of the Przewalski horse, the Mongolian wild horse, thus named by Poljakow in 1981 to honour the contribution made by the Russian explorer Nikolai Michailowitseh Przewalski (1839-1888), who brought from Asia in 1878 a hide and a skull of that wild horse, also known as Equus Ferus Pallas, of which there currently exist about 300 specimens, all of which have been controlled in a research centre for the last eleven generations (1890), and which, according to the studies by Bouman and Hensdisk, are currently extinguished in the wild. About them, numerous research works have been carried out concerning genetics and biochemistry, as well as craniometry, dentition, etc...

In a Roman house (in the Villa de la Palma) dating from the II century B.C., located between Monforte and Piamonte, Portuguese archaeologists did find in its mosaic floors, among other motifs, five horses named Corrupter, Impetuous, Seductive, Andalusian and Sailor. In the first two, a branded palm can be seen on the left crupper. They are horses of a sub-convex profile, eu-metric, with an upright neck, a short back, a school desk-shaped crupper and a low tail source; which means that they were Andalusian horses. According to Señor R. Castejón, in the quaternary age the equine map of the Hispanic Peninsula appears complete, with all three ethnic branches which still characterize it at the present day: the Cantabrian pony (Galician jennets, Basque and Navarre ponies); the horses from the Castilian tableland, of a straight profile and which remind us of the Equus Ferus Gmelini, the wild horse form Eastern and Central Europe, specially abundant in the South of Russia, called Tarpan by Simon Pallas, which, as determined by means of the radiocarbon, is ten thousand years old, and deemed to be the ancestor of the Arab breed; and the Andalusian horse, of a Berber type, whose phylogenetic relationship links him to the Equus Przewalski or Mongolian horse. These three large branches (Cantabrian ponies, horses from the Castilian tableland and Andalusian horses) were influenced by the migration of different peoples into the Peninsula who brought their domestic horses along with them, namely: Iberians, Celts, Carthaginians, Romans, Arabs, etc. But such an influence was neither so great nor so intense as to change the already defined ethnic types.

Accordingly, the Andalusian Breed from historic times, improved and transformed throughout the centuries, according to trends, needs, military invasions or zootechnic improvement plans, is the substratum of the current S